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It's considered one of the touristic constituents in Egypt.
Definition of Environmental Tourism
The idea came when leaders of the environment movement had paid attention to merging abilities of citizens' interest of environment and their concern about it, thus this idea was developed during the last five years, it gets a lot of attentions these days.
Environmental tourism is considered a recreational kind which clarifies the valuation between tourism and environment. Environmental tourism is a natural enjoyment of what's surround us from terrestrial and marine environment
In this context the definition of environmental tourism which defined by international fund for environment is: traveling to natural areas not polluted and its natural balance has no defect to enjoy its views plants, animals, and civilizations in past and present
It's clear that environmental tourism depends on the nature and its magnificent view.
Some activities that connected with environmental tourism are as followed
- Hunting of birds and fish
- Climbing of mountains
- Marine sports and diving of coral reef
- Admiring of nature and exploring its contents
- Trips of forest and observing birds and animals
- exploring mountains and sink ages
- Going camping
- Trips of safari and desert
- Nature photography
- Visiting places of archeological excavation
- Wandering about archeological places
Tourism and environmental balance
Environmental tourism is established on not creating any defects of the environmental balance which produced by human behaviors and led to pollution. This created another relation between environmental tourism and the understanding of sustainable development where it's considered a way for human uplifting.
What happened was so different where development had contributed in exhausting and damaging environment sources.
Environment tourism depends on displaying beauty of landmarks, whenever the environment is clean and healthy tourism booms and economy revives
Even with the existence of positive sides for the environmental tourism it might form a main source of environmental pollution by human, so balance of tourism and environment should be achieved from one side, and economics and social interest on another side
Negative impacts for environment tourism
Even with the existence of positive sides for the environmental tourism, there are some negative impacts for this kind of tourism represents
- The increase in number of tourists which represents a load on the public utilities (transportation, hotels, services, electricity, and water)
- Some damages might happen in artifacts.
- Tourists might practice some marine sports, which lead to some damages of marine species such as rare fish and coral grief.
- Dumping the waste water in sea water, which polluted it.
- Increasing the pollution in the atmosphere
- Dumping garbage and waste on top of mountains
From the previous, we discover that tourism is not the only reason for damaging touristic places, but there are some other factors. Such as
1- Natural sources which lead to damaging touristic and archeological places
Natural crisis include earthquakes, rain, floods, winds and storms
Climate changes temperature, humidity, and ground water
2- Human sources includes
Soil, air, and water pollution.
Nuclear expositions.
Construction and wastewater
Natural Protectorates in Egypt
Natural protectorates are representing 9% of Egypt area, number of natural protectorate equals 24, recently 3 more natural protectorate were announced: Siwa Oasis in Matrouh government, white Desert in New Valley, and Valley of Camels in Red Sea government. These natural protectorates include unique models of the geological continuity for historical record which represent 600millions years
Nature protectorate of Ras-Mohamed and the two island of Tiran and Sanafia
It's located in south Sinai; it's famous for coral reefs, colored fish, and sea tortoise, its one of the magnificent places of diving in the world
Natural protectorate of Zraniek and Sabkhat el Bardwell
It's located in north Sinai which represents one of the main place for bird immigrant
Natural protectorate of Ahrash
Its located north Sinai, it's on the Mediterranean coast, it includes areas of acacia trees and bushes, it’s a natural source for grazing and woods
Natural protectorate of Omaied
It's located in Matrouh governorate on the north east coast 83 km west of Alexandria; it's distinguished for its various medical and wooden plants in addition to different kind of animals, birds, insects, and snails
Natural protectorate of Elba
It's located in Red Sea governorate in the south east part of the eastern desert; it's famous for its variety of plants, animals, and reptiles
Natural protectorate of Saloga and gazelle
It's located in Aswan by the Nile riverbed, it's distinguished for its green areas, and it’s a dwelling of birds
Natural protectorate of st.Cathrine
It's located in south Sinai governorate, its one of the places of religious tourism where st.Cathrine monastery exists, there is a mosque inside the monastery, also the sanctuary of prophet Saleh and Haroun valley of Raha and mountain of Mousa, it has the highest mountain in Egypt Mountain St.Cathrine with a height of 2637 meters there are number of plants, animals, and birds
Natural protectorate of Ashtoum El Gamil
It's located in Port Said governorate, it includes the archeological hill of Tanis, it 's distinguished by various environmental regions, it considered a place for immigrated birds, and it has some kind of fish
Natural protectorate of valley of Rayan
It's located in Fayum governorate in the south west part of Fayum, it consists of the valley of Rayan off the upper lake and the lower lake , the water falls area which connects the two lakes, valley of Rayan is distinguished for its desert environmental with its sand dunes, wells plants ,wild animals immigrant, and inhabitant birds
Natural protectorate of valley of Elaki
It's located in Aswan, 180 km away from its south east, it's distinguished for its places for scientific researches, it has some plants and some mammals, also it has some bird's reptiles and vertebrates
Natural protectorate of Valley Asiotty
It's located in Asiout governorate; it’s a place for breeding wild animals
Natural protectorate of Kobat el Hasana
It's located in Giza on Cairo-Alexandria road, it's distinguished for its geological structure which is a part of Abu Rawash structure, and it has some Selsolabaqui which is a cinnamon tree
Natural protectorate of Petrified Forest
It's located in Cairo, 18 km east of Maady city; it consists of sediment layers of sands, rocks, and wood. They are all in ions, these layers are full of huge trees which are 35 millions years old, and this area is considered a rare geological area
Natural protectorate of the Cave of valley of snore
It's located in Bani Suief; it's distinguished for its geological structure which represents 60millions years old
Natural protectorate of Nabk
It's located in South Sinai in the area between Taba and Sharm el Sheikh; it's distinguished for its coral reefs, marine species, immigrant animals, and inhabitant birds
Natural protectorate of Abu Gallium
It's located in south Sinai between Sharm el Sheikh and Taba in the area known as valley of Rasasa, it includes coral reefs, and marine species, also its full of animals, birds, and wild planets
Natural protectorate of Taba
It's located in south Sinai; it's distinguished for geological layers and archeological places in addition to rare birds, reptiles and plants
Natural protectorate of Barolos
It's located in Kafr El Sheikh, the lake is connected with the Nile which is the second largest natural lake, it has different environments, it has high sand mud, it's a natural place for wild plants, water plants, and receiving immigrant birds
Natural protectorate of island Nile 144 island
The area of this island is 155 km, there are wild animals and plants, these islands have 818 villages and centers inside 15 cities' and governorates These islands spread from Aswan until area of Delta Luxor – Aswan – Kena – Suhag – Asiut – Menya – Beni Suif – Giza – Cairo – Kaliobia – Menofia – Gharbia – Kafr El Sheikh – El Behira – Dakahlia – Demitta
Natural protectorate of valley of Degla
It's located in Cairo, the valley is full of excavations, it has Degla water fall, and the valley includes a group of animals, some kind of immigrant, inhabitant birds and plants
Environmental tourism in Alexandria and north -west coast
Alexandria region includes three governorates which are Alexandria, Behira, and Matrouh. It's distinguished for several tourism abilities, there are some suggested places to be added to the natural protectorate list on the north coast, and they are full of natural human and heritage.
In the area of Matrouh, Omaied, Om El-Gezlan, Ras El-Hekma, El-Kasr, El-Saloum, and Katara sinkage It's noticeable that these places are connected with the surrounding areas. As of Siwa area which is distinguished for its gypsy heritage troops of immigrant birds, its desert Oasis, so its one of the prospected natural protectorates
The library of Alexandria held during the period of 17-19/4/2005 a touristic conference where experts and scientists and sponsors of tourism, for the purpose of reaching the best position of touristic and investment position for utilizing the north west coast and its position on the international map of tourism, investing these areas which have no construction work or the noise pollution of big cities.
The north -west coast includes several new places which are distinguished for its beauty, natural, wealth of magnificent scenes, and heritage natural protectorates various activities such as diving ,walking in mountains , valleys and cravens of desert areas, photographing the safari ,visiting areas of archeological excavation ,roaming in historical places with its cultural features. in addition to the existence of charming beaches, clear water ,and sand
DIFFICULTIES THAT FACE EGYPT IN THE ENVIRONMENATL SECTOR
In this context , the prefect of completing the development of natural protectorate in south Sinai in contribution with European union and in red sea governorate in contribution with the American agency for international contribution in Fayum and Matrouh governorate contributing with the Italian governorate and in the north Sinai and Kafr el sheikh and ’’Matrouh contributing with programs of united nations for development also completing centers of scientific and administrative for natural protectorate equipping them with equipment and all needed means to receive foreign and Egyptian visitors
In the context of protecting natural protectorate a presidential decision number 102 for the year 1983 was issued it contain eleven items
Item 1
Concerning the definition of natural protectorate
Item 2
Concerning the prohibiting of destroying natural environment
Item 3
Concerning the activities surround the natural protectorate
Item 4
Concerning preserving natural protectorate
Item 5
Concerning committees of protecting environment
Item 6
Concerning establishing a privet funds for natural protectorate
Item 7
Concerning punishments for any valuation of rules
Item 8
Concerning collecting fines
Item 9
Concerning commissioners of judicial seizing
Item 10
Concerning canceling any rules against the law
Item 11
Concerning publishing the decision in official newspaper
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